These discrete components are not suitable for parallel devices. Serial optical devices employ discrete components, such as transmitting optical subassemblies (TOSAs) or receiving optical subassemblies (ROSAs), and discrete optical connectors, such as the SC or LC connectors, which are almost always grouped together into a duplex pair.
Just as parallel transmission is fundamentally different than serial transmission, parallel optical devices are fundamentally different in construction than serial optical devices. Parallel transmission can either lower the cost of a given data rate (by using slower, less expensive optoelectronics) or enable data rates that are unattainable with traditional serial transmission. Essentially, parallel optical communication is using multiple paths to transmit a signal at a greater data rate than the individual electronics can support. With this configuration, a parallel optics transceiver can use four 2.5 Gb/s transmitters to send one 10 Gb/s signal from A to B. four transmitters on End A communicate with four receivers on End B, spreading a single stream of data over four optical fibers. In parallel optical communication, the devices on either end of the link contain multiple transmitters and receivers, e.g.
A separate fiber is connected between the transmitter on End B and the receiver on End A, so the link contains two fibers, commonly known as a duplex channel. The transmitter on End A communicates to the receiver on End B, sending a single stream of data over a single optical fiber. In traditional (serial) optical communication, a transceiver on each end of the link contains one transmitter and one receiver. Parallel Optics is a term used to represent both a type of optical communication and the devices on either end of the link that transmit and receive information. In the past two years, however, this technology has made a resurgence and is about to take center stage. Parallel optics technology has been around for some time in high-performance network cabling, but until recently its role has been strictly behind the scenes.
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